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(No Model.)

- A. E. SMITH, Decd.

S. E. B. SMmH Administratrix. vHEATING AND VENTILATING DWELLING HOUSES.

Patented Feb. 20, 1894.

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Unrrnn STATES PATENT Erica.

ABRAM HERR SMITH, OF MEMPHIS, MISSOURI; SARAH E. B. SMITH ADMIN- ISTRA'IRIX OF SAID ABRAM H. SMITH, DECEASED.

HEATING AND VENTILATING DWELLING-HOUSES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 514,970, dated February 20, 1894.

Application filed February 28, 1892. Serial No. 422,595. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ABRAM HERE SMITH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Memphis, in Scotland county, State of Missouri, have invented a certain new and useful Method of Heating and Ventilating Dwelling- Houses; and I declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a partof this specification.

Similar letters refer to corresponding parts.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the invention, showing the chimney and the different parts of the device in position within it, also some of the openings through its outer walls into the space containing it. Fig. 2 is an iron box, shown at 17 pc n, Fig. 1. Fig. 3is a pipe with T connections N and O, and shown at T, Fig. .1.

To more fully describe my invention: I construct a chimney of brick or stone, as shown in Fig. 1, at any desired place in the building, and of such size as may be desired, and extending from the ground out at the roof of the house, and having a hollow space or cavity within of not less than eight by sixteen inches, laterally, and extending vertically from its base to its summit, and that part of the space containing the device and as high as the thimgig? entered by pipe A I designate by letters R R is the first floor and S S the second floor of the building. I

The chimney has numerous horizontal openings also, with suitable shape and size, extending from said space F F to its exterior. E is such an opening, located below the first floor, and receives a pipe extending from the outside of the house, and has a movable cap or door, and through which air from outside is admitted to the space F F, and within the space circulates about and heated by the pipes as far upward as the thimble entered by pipe A. C O are also such openings and are provided with registers and located above the iron box b 10 o n, upon any'side of the chimney, and below but close to the ceiling of the first story. Its use is. two-fold; in connection with one set of openings it admits heated air into the room into which it opens, and then in connection with another set permits the heated air of such room to pass out into another room through space F F. B B are similar openings with registers and located above v and near the floor S S and below the thimble entered by pipe A. Its use is to admit air into the room heated by the pipes Within the space, or which having been heated in a room is then admitted into the space at O, thence thrown into another room, through another 0 to an adjoining room, or through E to an upper room. L L are similar openings with registers and located upon any side of the chimney below the pipe T but above the first floor R R. Its use when E is closed is to ad mit air from the room to said space F, and keeps the device from overheating by the air circulating about it, and when E is also open,

to admit cold air into the room,

K is an opening immediately above L L and receives the open end of the pipe T, and through it the device may be cleaned. It has a close fitting cap, over the open end. D D are also openings and located immediately be-' low 0 and above the upper end of the door (hereinafter described) and opposite the iron box bp 11 n. Its use is to receive the pipe from the stove or grate through which the draft and proceeds of combustion with the escaping heat pass to the device within the space F, F.

There is another opening located in the first story upon either side of the chimney, but it is best to place itupon the side opposite the stove or grate. Its width is the same as the space F F and its length is about six feet, the lower end being immediately above 0 the register L, and below the pipe T, while the upper end terminates just below the iron box b p o n. It has a non-combustible door and when'closed forms one side of said space the length of the door, and when open the 5 device through it maybe removed and replaced, and, also, direct radiation into the room from it results.

0 is a pipe within the space F F, and extends downward from the iron box about six feet and rests upon the pipe T and connects it with the iron box. Its use is to make a downcast draft pipe for the escaping proceeds of combustion and escaping heat and to in crease the heating and radiating surface, and by the downward draft compelling a inore complete radiation of the heat to the air about it. N is a similar pipe to O and is parallel with and distant about one inch from it and, also, similarly connecting the iron box and pipe T, but it is an up-cast draft pipe. Its use is similar to O. A is also a pipe within the space and rests upon the iron box and extends upward from it to a point above the register B, and then enters a closely fitting thimble whose sides unite with walls of the chimney, and terminates the upward extent of the space F F. Its use is for an outlet for the draft, and'also'atfords additional radiatingsnrface for heating the air about itin the cavity F F. T is also a pipe (shown in detail in Fig. 3)withinsaid space and located above thelower end of said door and the opening L and about twenty inches from the floor R R. It may bestraight or curved and with one end closed and the other open. The upper side lias'two openings to receive the pipes N and'O. The open end fitsinto and is sup ported by the opening K, while the closed end rests upon a flange projecting from the chimney, and the other pipes andiron box rest upon and aresupportedby it in position;

The letters bp 1) or mark the outline of the iron box (shown ind'etailin Fig.2); It is square or of any convenient form'and'iscutinto two apartments by amovable partition or damper, d e H, and is opened and closed by handle it. Its sidesare in contact with the sides of the chimney and at the ends are spaces (parts of F F) of sufiicient width to permit the passage of the air past it. The under side has two openings to receive the pipes N and O, and v the apai'tmententered by 0 also has openings, D D, on any side, and uponthe topan opening to receive the pipe A, directly over opening entered by pipe N. It is located in the cavity of the chimney, so that the openingD in itcoincides with the opening Din the chin1 ney, and through which the draft pipes from the stoves or grates connect with the device. Its use is to atford a convenient method for the different pipe connections, for changing theirdirectio'n, and for throwing the device out of action. a

The pipes N, A, O and T are of the same size and of any convenient form and size which will permit the air to circulate freely about them in the cavity F F. The pipes and iron boxmay be made of sheet or cast metal,

but it is best to make the pipes of sheet aluminum, because it is indestructible by the proceeds of combustion or by any ordinary heat, and because such plates may be made very thin to facilitate radiation.

When my invention has been constructed substantially as and for the purposes set forth and described, and one or more stoves connected with it at D, its operation is as follows: The partition or damper is thrown back and fire kindled, and the draft and proceeds of combustion with the escaping heat enter the iron box at D, pass over the partition and entcr thepipe A, thence out at the top of the chimney. After the fire has been started the partition or damper is raised to a vertical position and the draft and products of combustion with theescaping heat are forced down through pipe 0' into T,thence into N, and thence again to the iron box, thence into A, and thence out as before. The escaping heat in its downward andthen upward course is radiatedthrough the pipes to the air about them and admitted" at E or L, Theair thus admitted and heated is then throwninto any roomthrough the proper registenand thus thrown into rooms keeps the cold air from the room, maintains an even temperature and supplies the loss causedby the draft, rareficatioh and respiration. E may be closed and L alone opened to admit air about the device, and when E and'L'are open at the same time cold air rushes into theroom, andifCand B are also open at the same time the heatin theroomis rapidly transferred toanother room, but ifL is closed and the two latter continne'open the heat is still transferred as before, but not so rapidly. Thus a new and useful method for heating and ventilating dwelling houses results, with a saving in fuel and'labor, and an increase in healthfulness and cleanliness.

Having described my invention, its construction, operation, and eifect, I claim as new and desire to secureby LettersPatent- The combination with a drum having a smoke inlet and provided with a movable partition, pipes-O and N communicating with said drum oneach side of the partition, pipe T connecting the ends of pipes O and N and the outlet pipe A, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

AVBRAM HERB sMITnL \Vitnesse's:

R. V. SMITH, N. M. PETTINGILL. 

